Ontological Daddy Issues

[00:00:00]foreign [00:00:07]I mean you can't fly an airplane from [00:00:10]Mexico into the United States [00:00:13]without people noticing and wound up [00:00:16]with seven years in federal prison and

[00:00:18]the the moral of the story is if you're [00:00:21]gonna be a stripper you should [00:00:23]um you know make up a fake name [00:00:26]um the other moral of the story is if [00:00:28]you're going to be a stripper you should

[00:00:29]not [00:00:31]use your sister's name [00:00:35]um we don't have a lot to do today [00:00:39]um chapter seven is [00:00:41]um much shorter than the other ones so

[00:00:43]we're gonna start with the review [00:00:46]um and then cover chapter seven [00:00:49]and um which is on ontological daddy [00:00:53]issues [00:00:54]it used to just be called ontology but

[00:00:57]ontological daddy issues it's a much fun [00:00:59]much more fun title I think [00:01:02]um and uh then this is going to Mark the [00:01:05]end of the first half of the course [00:01:07]right so a big shift after today

[00:01:11]um so 70 or so of your exam questions [00:01:14]will come from these seven chapters [00:01:18]um and uh the remaining thirty percent [00:01:21]um will be about the second half of the [00:01:23]course but the better you understand the

[00:01:25]tools and things from the first half the [00:01:28]better you'll be able to handle those [00:01:29]questions right [00:01:30]um [00:01:31]so um

[00:01:33]yeah basically the idea is the first [00:01:35]half is giving you philosophical tools [00:01:38]um teaching you vocabulary and Concepts [00:01:41]and ideas and everything in these seven [00:01:44]chapters and then the second half is

[00:01:46]applying those right applying them to [00:01:48]text seeing how they work in Plato's [00:01:51]texts and and the Kata upanishad and [00:01:53]that sort of thing and in whatever [00:01:56]um

[00:01:57]um [00:01:58]whatever [00:02:00]show or movie we pick have we picked [00:02:03]something we haven't picked anything yet [00:02:05]any ideas

[00:02:09]what did we come up with the other day [00:02:10]you know what we're talking about no [00:02:14]all right [00:02:16]I mean Rick and Morty's a solid choice [00:02:18]always we could pick a an episode or two

[00:02:22]I mean I could [00:02:23]okay [00:02:25]Abby's not a fan [00:02:27]that's okay [00:02:29]Rick and Morty's on a six-week Hiatus by

[00:02:31]the way [00:02:33]um [00:02:35]okay [00:02:37]we have some other ideas [00:02:40]okay

[00:02:43]get out I really like to get out uh I [00:02:46]think that's a that's a solid option too [00:02:50]all right let's catch Vaughn uh [00:02:53]um [00:02:54]and then let's pick something

[00:02:57]um [00:02:57]okay so let's just do let's do some [00:03:00]review so that we all fully understand [00:03:02]why we're trying to pick a show [00:03:04]um

[00:03:07]and um yeah and [00:03:10]yeah [00:03:11]um [00:03:13]what class am I [00:03:15]um all right so we've got systematic

[00:03:18]philosophy right chapter one ontology is [00:03:21]at the center [00:03:23]um and then what's on the next round [00:03:34]and [00:03:35]the next run

[00:03:42]you'll want to learn this all this [00:03:50]next run [00:03:59]good and those are called what [00:04:06]those three [00:04:12]close uh

[00:04:18]yeah that's it [00:04:20]these are the first principles of [00:04:22]philosophy [00:04:24]um then on the outside [00:04:42]and

[00:04:43]um what's the point of all this and how [00:04:46]they're arranged [00:04:59]yeah you're on the right track [00:05:04]yep yep so your emotions change your [00:05:07]emotions can change moment a moment

[00:05:09]second to second right [00:05:11]um and states of mind can change based [00:05:13]on various substances or how you're [00:05:15]feeling or whatever right [00:05:17]um your understanding of ontology

[00:05:19]doesn't change very much your [00:05:21]understanding of epistemology changes as [00:05:23]you learn things but as you get older [00:05:25]then those things become more calcified [00:05:27]and rigidified you get

[00:05:30]um increasingly you know deeply embedded [00:05:33]um [00:05:35]patterns of thought [00:05:37]um neural [00:05:38]neural Pathways in your neural network

[00:05:40]great [00:05:41]become calcified so uh yeah all these [00:05:46]things right so then your but your [00:05:49]desires are more changing [00:05:51]um these I don't know they should

[00:05:53]probably be further in [00:05:55]um but your understanding of who you are [00:05:57]as a person your understanding of the [00:05:59]world around you and your understanding [00:06:01]of your ethical moral responsibilities

[00:06:04]in the world right your meaning and [00:06:06]purpose why are you here all these kind [00:06:09]of things you can't answer any of these [00:06:10]questions without answering all three [00:06:12]right who am I where am I and why am I

[00:06:15]here you can't answer any of those [00:06:16]questions without answering all three [00:06:18]right [00:06:19]um and so definitely no divisions [00:06:22]between those but they're also not the

[00:06:23]same questions so [00:06:25]um so yeah so we call those the first [00:06:27]principles of philosophy [00:06:29]um so let's see that's chapter one [00:06:31]foreign

[00:06:32]systematic [00:06:38]philosophy and in that chapter we also [00:06:41]talked about [00:06:42]um the allegory The Chariot right of [00:06:46]course the allegory of the chariot

[00:06:58]yup intellect and the intellect is what [00:07:02]the part of the human person that does [00:07:04]what [00:07:06]makes decisions [00:07:09]right so the intellect is the like the

[00:07:12]charioteer [00:07:15]and then horse and horse right this [00:07:19]horse is way stronger than this other [00:07:21]horse [00:07:23]um this horse is super obedient right so

[00:07:26]a horse that's super obedient does [00:07:28]everything you tell it to do and then a [00:07:29]horse that's way strong that does what [00:07:33]it wants to do because that's what [00:07:35]desire is right

[00:07:37]um and then the charioteer the intellect [00:07:39]trying to make you know decisions [00:07:42]between [00:07:43]while controlling these two horses cool [00:07:46]um chapter two was on

[00:07:50]epistemology right so [00:07:53]epistemology so we did a little bit of [00:07:55]logic and desire in chapter one but then [00:07:57]chapter two is really on uh epistemology [00:08:00]and what is epistemology

[00:08:06]how do we know what we know [00:08:16]um how do and what you know what anchors [00:08:22]our knowledge [00:08:27]all right how do we know what we know [00:08:28]how do we know we know how do we know

[00:08:31]that what we know isn't how do [00:08:33]we know that [00:08:35]our parents aren't lying to us the same [00:08:37]way they lied to us about Santa Claus [00:08:39]still

[00:08:40]upset about that one [00:08:42]um and uh how do we know that they're [00:08:45]you know that they're right about what [00:08:48]they think or what they believe or our [00:08:50]teachers or whatever how do we know what

[00:08:51]we know right um sometimes we get older [00:08:53]when we find out things that we knew [00:08:55]when we were younger just aren't true [00:08:59]um so how do we know what we know how [00:09:00]what anchors our knowledge how can we be

[00:09:02]firm or confident or sure [00:09:05]um in our knowledge right so we started [00:09:08]talking about anchors at that point [00:09:11]um [00:09:12]and then chapter three

[00:09:16]what's chapter three [00:09:19]phenomenology [00:09:23]what are the um [00:09:26]what are the I'll put this over here [00:09:29]um so we're doing a phenomenology of

[00:09:31]being in this chapter so what is what [00:09:33]are the steps of [00:09:36]phenomenology yeah [00:09:38]draw a circle that's Step Zero [00:09:48]or last one yeah

[00:09:53]good and why vaguely [00:10:03]anyone [00:10:10]well the thing itself is not internal [00:10:16]because I remember you drew the picture [00:10:21]yeah okay good so that's step two

[00:10:25]step two is to describe [00:10:30]the phenomenon [00:10:35]right so what is uh and [00:10:38]uh and your [00:10:45]perspectival starting point

[00:10:49]okay but let's um let's distinguish [00:10:52]between the phenomenon and the thing [00:10:55]itself so the phenomenon [00:10:59]um is right put that at the center [00:11:02]that's

[00:11:03]um and then the Phenom sorry the thing [00:11:05]itself we put at the center and the [00:11:07]phenomenon yep is up here right so the [00:11:10]phenomena is up here so you're trying to [00:11:12]see this thing whatever it is that we're

[00:11:15]saying hey let's talk about X but then [00:11:18]the phenomenon is in your head right [00:11:22]um and so you want to clearly carefully [00:11:25]you should say clearly [00:11:30]um logically

[00:11:33]describe the phenomenon [00:11:36]but [00:11:38]why vaguely identify the thing itself [00:11:45]process [00:11:46]entirely in my degree true good answer I

[00:11:52]would say maybe because of somebody else [00:11:55]the same thing itself might be a [00:11:58]different type of [00:12:01]so you're recognizing off the bat that [00:12:04]somebody else knows something about this

[00:12:07]that you don't know [00:12:10]exactly right right so so you don't want [00:12:13]to say you don't want to pretend like [00:12:15]you know what this thing is right it's [00:12:17]because Connor is going to have a

[00:12:20]different rate because you acknowledge [00:12:22]that you come from some a different [00:12:24]background or whatever you're going to [00:12:26]see things from a different place right [00:12:27]you have different

[00:12:29]um we also in [00:12:30]um epistemology we talked about [00:12:32]comparative relation [00:12:38]right so about how those neural Pathways [00:12:42]get formed as we're learning from

[00:12:44]childhood to adulthood [00:12:46]um so those those patterns get ingrained [00:12:49]right based on [00:12:52]um parents and teachers and culture and [00:12:55]society and media and all these kind of

[00:12:57]things right [00:12:58]so yeah so you want to [00:13:00]um [00:13:02]you want to recognize that [00:13:04]other people have differing perspectives

[00:13:07]on the thing itself and what you really [00:13:09]want to know right phenomenology is a [00:13:12]mode of Investigation you're trying to [00:13:13]learn something right trying to find [00:13:15]something out that you don't know so the

[00:13:17]first thing is you have to recognize [00:13:18]okay well I don't really know as much [00:13:20]there is to know about this thing right [00:13:22]I want to learn more about this thing [00:13:24]whatever it is right so here's what I

[00:13:27]know about this thing and here's where [00:13:29]I'm coming from here's my understanding [00:13:31]of this thing but then [00:13:34]um right so that's step two describe [00:13:36]what you see as clearly and carefully

[00:13:38]and as logically as you can being [00:13:40]careful to Define your terms and all [00:13:42]those kind of stuff so that other people [00:13:44]can understand you but then step three [00:13:46]is what

[00:13:48]Parker [00:13:50]neighbors backs [00:13:59]you know [00:14:05][Music] [00:14:08]um

[00:14:10]so yeah that's what you do [00:14:12]in class right is listen to [00:14:15]experts [00:14:18]um but then in your podcast listen to [00:14:20]your neighbors right so have these

[00:14:22]meaningful discussions [00:14:24]um with each other about how you're [00:14:26]understanding these things there's a [00:14:29]philosopher um [00:14:31]I've mentioned a time or two but I

[00:14:34]haven't given you this before but he [00:14:35]said um [00:14:38]uh his name is Nicholas [00:14:41]of Kusa yeah [00:14:45]um and he said

[00:14:48]knowledge [00:14:51]is to truth [00:14:55]as a polygon [00:14:58]okay [00:15:00]is to a circle

[00:15:04]um [00:15:06]so in the same way that right so in this [00:15:10]example [00:15:12]um the circle represents truth and each [00:15:16]point on the circle is a bit of

[00:15:18]knowledge right but the circle has an [00:15:20]infinite number of points [00:15:23]and so each point on the circle is a [00:15:27]little bit of truth right so Zach has a [00:15:29]little bit of the truth and Nami has a

[00:15:30]little bit of the truth and Lonnie has a [00:15:33]little bit of the truth and the more [00:15:34]points we have on the circle the closer [00:15:36]we get to understanding the truth but we [00:15:38]wouldn't have the truth unless we had

[00:15:40]all the points on the circle but there's [00:15:43]an infinite number of points on the [00:15:44]circle so we can't right and one New [00:15:47]Perspective has the possibility of [00:15:49]changing how we think about everything

[00:15:51]right maybe there's a perspective from [00:15:53]out here that like totally changes [00:15:54]everything [00:15:56]um so yeah so knowledge is the truth as [00:15:58]a polygon is to a circle the closer you

[00:16:01]get right you can think about this [00:16:03]this Gap here [00:16:06]um as margin of error right so like [00:16:08]here's all these perspectives of truth [00:16:10]that we're missing and if we had these

[00:16:12]uh if we had more voices in the [00:16:14]discourse then we'd get closer and [00:16:16]closer to the truth right but never get [00:16:18]there right or [00:16:21]um

[00:16:22]if we stay in our little internet boxes [00:16:25]where we're only listening to people in [00:16:28]our [00:16:29]in our group right then we're only [00:16:32]getting a narrow swath of the truth

[00:16:35]right doesn't mean that it's untrue just [00:16:37]means that it's narrow right [00:16:40]um cool cool cool cool [00:16:44]um chapter three reviewed [00:16:47]um

[00:16:49]chapter four [00:16:57]so chapter four are called setting [00:17:00]course [00:17:05]um [00:17:07]intercourse

[00:17:11]discourse [00:17:14]okay [00:17:16]and [00:17:17]death right we talked about [00:17:20]Mac Miller and all that kind of stuff

[00:17:22]and um [00:17:24]main point then was [00:17:27]what about death [00:17:33]philosophy only begins with a meaningful [00:17:35]reflection on the reality of death not a

[00:17:38]hypothetical discourse about the [00:17:40]possibility of an afterlife but the [00:17:43]meaningful discourse about the reality [00:17:46]of death right [00:17:48]um those are two very different things

[00:17:50]um [00:17:51]talking about death uh helps us to [00:17:55]understand the finitude of life right [00:17:57]and that we're going to die and then [00:17:59]helps us either become depressed like

[00:18:03]the Buddha did right or [00:18:05]grasp some existential purpose like the [00:18:08]Buddha did right [00:18:10]um and uh intercourse is a way to pass [00:18:15]on genetic material genetic information

[00:18:17]from one generation to the next so that [00:18:19]you're part of your genetic code can [00:18:21]outlive your body [00:18:24]um discourse likewise is a way to [00:18:27]um to pass ideas right ideas that get

[00:18:30]planted in somebody else's head and [00:18:33]those ideas can endure and survive long [00:18:35]after like Gandhi's ideas or Martin [00:18:38]Luther King's ideas or Socrates ideas or [00:18:40]Plato's ideas right and those come

[00:18:43]through discourse so you know the idea [00:18:46]that's in Abby's head when she shares it [00:18:50]with [00:18:51]um Vaughn or Zach right then that idea [00:18:55]gets planted in Vons heads but it's

[00:18:59]gonna be different now than it was in [00:19:02]Abby's right because Abby even though [00:19:03]it's the same idea or the same word [00:19:06]because Abby's different than Vaughn [00:19:08]than

[00:19:10]the same idea the same words when they [00:19:12]get planted they become something a [00:19:14]little bit different right it's not [00:19:15]quite what was in Abby's head but it's [00:19:17]something new to Vaughn right something

[00:19:19]new something new [00:19:22]um so [00:19:24]um right so that's why both of these [00:19:26]intercourse and discourse not always [00:19:34]yeah I got this uh I'm scared to check

[00:19:37]Instagram [00:19:39]um stopped going on Instagram like uh a [00:19:42]year and a half ago [00:19:46]um [00:19:47]this check came over and so we had uh

[00:19:50]really fun [00:19:52]uh afternoon but weren't quite as safe [00:19:55]as we should have been and um anyway I'm [00:19:57]just scared to check [00:19:59]intercourse and discourse both lead to

[00:20:01]conception is the point [00:20:06]um right so not all the Intercourse [00:20:08]leads to conception some intercourse [00:20:11]leads to conception hence my fears about [00:20:13]IG

[00:20:15]some discourse leads to conception some [00:20:17]discourse is just drivel right just [00:20:20]waste of time [00:20:22]um [00:20:23]cool

[00:20:24]make sense [00:20:26]um [00:20:28]probably more things in that chapter but [00:20:30]that's that's pretty good takeaway [00:20:37]that's the next one chapter five

[00:20:40]chapter five is the meta-narrative [00:20:43]chapter five is [00:20:45]um on the [00:20:47]what did I call it I call it something [00:20:48]different

[00:20:54]way uh there you go yeah I like that [00:20:57]that's really good [00:21:04]anchors away it's very [00:21:08]I like that a lot [00:21:10]um first principles

[00:21:15]of philosophy [00:21:17]foreign [00:21:20]actually is anchors away right that's [00:21:24]um that's all these all these [00:21:27]philosophers before right like um

[00:21:31]um [00:21:33]Descartes was looking for something to [00:21:37]Anchor [00:21:38]right owl philosophers are looking for [00:21:40]something to Anchor their knowledge how

[00:21:42]do we know what we know what is our [00:21:43]knowledge what anchors our knowledge [00:21:45]right so that was so we can be certain [00:21:47]of what we know Descartes [00:21:50]um Descartes was pretty open about the

[00:21:51]fact that his parents [00:21:53]he learned a lot of stuff when he was a [00:21:55]kid that turned out to be not true then [00:21:57]when he became an adult he was like what [00:21:59]the like what's true and what's not

[00:22:01]what's fact and what's not right [00:22:04]everybody lies what's true and what's [00:22:06]not true [00:22:07]um so he wanted to know he's looking for [00:22:09]something firm something indubitable

[00:22:12]something beyond all doubt right [00:22:14]something that he could be certain about [00:22:16]and what was his indubitable conclusion [00:22:24]yeah I can doubt [00:22:27]everything

[00:22:31]except what [00:22:35]yeah that I am doubting [00:22:41]and then from that [00:22:43]he said therefore [00:22:46]well

[00:22:50]he said [00:22:52]in Latin kojito Erico [00:22:55]Zoom [00:22:57]or as Billy eilish says [00:23:04]I think therefore I am right and then

[00:23:07]this is his anchor so he's anchoring [00:23:11]um he's anchoring [00:23:13]all knowledge right here and [00:23:17]anthropology so because I am a knower [00:23:22]um I may not know what I know my

[00:23:25]knowledge may not be firm but I know [00:23:27]that I'm a knower therefore [00:23:31]my knowledge is firm doesn't work though [00:23:34]does it it doesn't seem to work it [00:23:36]doesn't seem to work and then so David

[00:23:38]Hume came along and he was like dude it [00:23:42]doesn't it doesn't it doesn't work right [00:23:45]there's it's just [00:23:47]wrong right it's just it just doesn't it [00:23:50]doesn't work why doesn't it work

[00:23:54]yeah [00:23:55]there is no I yeah so he's saying [00:23:59]um [00:24:00]right Descartes is saying I think [00:24:02]therefore I am right and Hume is saying

[00:24:05]so what does he mean by there is no I [00:24:12]yeah [00:24:14]well we call eyes as a stream of [00:24:17]Consciousness yep so there's just this [00:24:19]it's constantly changing right so you

[00:24:22]have you can't have [00:24:25]to be a knower [00:24:27]right to be a knower means that you have [00:24:29]to know something and what that [00:24:31]something is we call knowledge

[00:24:35]every time your knowledge changes [00:24:37]so too does the knower right so to be a [00:24:40]knower is to know something [00:24:42]but that something is constantly [00:24:44]changing so

[00:24:45]right so [00:24:47]to be a knower is to be in a state of [00:24:49]constant change like the stream of [00:24:50]Consciousness right [00:24:52]um and so there is no enduring I I could

[00:24:55]have I could have a accident and [00:24:58]um get amnesia and forget everything and [00:25:01]be a totally different person right or I [00:25:04]could [00:25:05]um

[00:25:06]I could say this job and hop in my [00:25:09]car and drive to Mexico and change my [00:25:12]name to [00:25:13]Rick Sanchez and like [00:25:16]I don't know

[00:25:18]um just totally do everything different [00:25:20]my so when my son graduates from high [00:25:22]school he's in sixth grade now [00:25:26]um yeah when he when he graduates high [00:25:28]school my plan at least is to sell the

[00:25:30]farm buy a boat [00:25:32]um in sale [00:25:34]just live on a boat like [00:25:37]um you know [00:25:38]wwjbd what would Jimmy Buffett do just

[00:25:41]like you know buy massive amounts of [00:25:46]um Ramen weed and [00:25:49]just I don't know travel the world and [00:25:52]be adrift no anchor anchors away right [00:25:55]so that was the whole point Descartes

[00:25:58]was trying to find an anchor he put the [00:26:00]anchor here Hume said doesn't [00:26:03]work right there is no anchor there is [00:26:06]no I at least that's not it right and [00:26:09]then Kant came around and what did Kant

[00:26:11]say [00:26:20]um [00:26:21]analysis of what he said like he gave [00:26:25]props to humans but he says [00:26:29]um Decor is right

[00:26:33]yes right yeah very well said uh yeah uh [00:26:37]so [00:26:38]um let's just unpack that a little bit [00:26:39]that was all right [00:26:41]um so he said we need an anchor

[00:26:45]I'm just gonna write it up here [00:26:47]um we need [00:26:49]an anchor why do we need an anchor [00:26:53]and first of all it was we right [00:26:56]we means Society right we can't have

[00:27:00]laws and rules and Civil Society without [00:27:04]ethics and morals and laws right in [00:27:07]order to have laws we need justification [00:27:09]for those laws and the justification [00:27:12]needs to be sound and firm grounded in

[00:27:14]what's right and wrong which is needs to [00:27:17]be anchored in something right needs [00:27:20]some sort of anchor in order to Anchor [00:27:22]morality and like things like slavery [00:27:25]right and so you need something to say

[00:27:27]all right slavery is great and cool and [00:27:30]all those kind of things right and so [00:27:33]Descartes Theory works really well [00:27:35]because you're born a slave you're born [00:27:37]you know broken or whatever you're born

[00:27:40]a heathen and you're born a Savage and [00:27:43]you can't change that right so therefore [00:27:48]um slavery A-Okay right and hume's like [00:27:51]no we're we're products of our [00:27:53]environment right we change all the time

[00:27:55]no everybody can change she's not born [00:27:58]any particular way we're just animals [00:28:00]and we're um like this stream of [00:28:03]Consciousness and we can all learn we [00:28:05]can all change we can all be different

[00:28:07]people there's no sort of enduring [00:28:09]unchanging eye and Khan's like yeah okay [00:28:12]whatever but slavery right and [00:28:16]um [00:28:17]so we need an anchor and let's go with

[00:28:19]Descartes [00:28:20]um but we need an anchor [00:28:22]right um for all those reasons morality [00:28:24]and ethics and those kind of things [00:28:27]um and uh

[00:28:29]um and he also said importantly [00:28:33]um acknowledging him right and basically [00:28:35]oh not basically but absolutely saying [00:28:37]the um I'm not sure if I made this point [00:28:40]well the other day or at all the first

[00:28:42]principles [00:28:44]okay [00:28:46]so this is Kant said the first [00:28:48]principles are [00:28:50]by definition

[00:28:55]unknowable [00:29:00]um which is why you have to stipulate [00:29:02]right therefore [00:29:06]stipulate [00:29:10]all right so we need an anchor in order

[00:29:12]to have [00:29:13]um Civil Society yeah Patrick [00:29:15]same first principles so we [00:29:18]said yeah so [00:29:21]um what does it mean to be a human

[00:29:22]person [00:29:23]what is this world and how do we know [00:29:26]what it is and what's the meaning and [00:29:28]purpose of life yep so those first [00:29:31]principles Descartes

[00:29:33]um I didn't mention this but Descartes [00:29:35]um famous text where he says I think [00:29:38]therefore I am it's called meditations [00:29:43]perfect [00:29:44]on

[00:29:47]first philosophy [00:29:51]and the first meditation is on this [00:29:54]where he comes up with I think therefore [00:29:56]I am then the second one the second one [00:29:59]is uh on God

[00:30:05]having proven this then he proves the [00:30:07]existence of God uh because we don't [00:30:11]need to get into that and then he proves [00:30:13]the so he starts with this one and then [00:30:16]proves the other ones right

[00:30:18]um [00:30:19]cool good [00:30:22]um [00:30:23]so we need an anchor [00:30:26]the first principles are by definition

[00:30:27]unknowable therefore we have to [00:30:30]stipulate them what why are they [00:30:32]unknowable [00:30:34]it's one of my favorite exam questions [00:30:36]partly because it's very hard don't

[00:30:39]expect everybody to be able to [00:30:40]understand it or yeah answer it [00:30:48][Music] [00:30:50]quickly each human being [00:30:53]the way

[00:30:56]yeah yeah yeah yeah yeah I [00:31:02]thought he's always changing and [00:31:03]adapting new realization which we kind [00:31:06]of already said but yeah [00:31:13]yeah okay so here's here's the here's

[00:31:17]the logic behind behind it [00:31:20]um so he said um [00:31:23]all right if uh [00:31:29]yeah I don't I don't remember teaching [00:31:31]this in here so um he said um

[00:31:36]all right so we're trying to find an [00:31:38]anchor or um a basis [00:31:42]right we're trying to find a basis or [00:31:44]Foundation [00:31:48]for knowledge

[00:31:52]right that's the whole point of [00:31:54]epistemology the word episteme right we [00:31:58]talked about the onto the etymology of [00:32:00]that word what is our knowledge stand on [00:32:03]right so he's trying to find some Firm

[00:32:06]Foundation or basis I'm calling it an [00:32:08]anchor but they called it like some Firm [00:32:11]Foundation or basis for knowledge [00:32:14]um and right so that we can be certain [00:32:18]about what we know but here's I mean

[00:32:21]Kant just pointed out logically right so [00:32:24]if you [00:32:25]um the basis or foundation for knowledge [00:32:29]by definition [00:32:31]cannot be knowledge

[00:32:34]right if it's knowledge [00:32:37]then it's not the basis for knowledge [00:32:40]right the basis for knowledge has to be [00:32:42]something different [00:32:44]than knowledge right so if it's the if

[00:32:48]the basis or Foundation of knowledge [00:32:50]we're knowable then it would be [00:32:52]knowledge and if it were knowledge then [00:32:54]we would need a foundation for it [00:32:56]and if that were knowledge then we would

[00:32:59]need a foundation for it and if that [00:33:01]were known we would need a foundation [00:33:02]for it on on and on and on in a problem [00:33:05]called infinite regress [00:33:09]foreign

[00:33:14]just means like the cause of the cause [00:33:16]the cause cause the cause and you never [00:33:18]get to you know about [00:33:20]um here's another way simpler way to [00:33:22]understand it right so back to River

[00:33:26]example let's imagine a mountain right [00:33:29]with snow on the top and uh River coming [00:33:33]down the mountain [00:33:35]right so now the um [00:33:39]River

[00:33:42]um the point is that the [00:33:45]source [00:33:48]of the [00:33:50]River [00:33:53]is not

[00:33:55]the river [00:33:59]right because that's what it means to be [00:34:00]the source so the source of the river in [00:34:02]this case is the snow the snow is not [00:34:04]the river the snow is the snow as soon

[00:34:07]as the snow melts it becomes the river [00:34:09]it's no longer The Source it's the river [00:34:11]now right that's what it means to be the [00:34:13]source so as soon as it becomes the [00:34:16]river then it's no longer The Source

[00:34:18]it's now the river makes sense right so [00:34:21]the source of the river is not the river [00:34:23]the basis or foundation for knowledge [00:34:26]is not knowledge it cannot be knowledge [00:34:28]if it's knowledge then it's not the

[00:34:30]basis for knowledge right so it by [00:34:31]definition logically [00:34:34]cannot be known [00:34:35]make sense [00:34:37]so um

[00:34:40]see why I can't was like let's just pick [00:34:42]one [00:34:43]right I mean he said all of that what I [00:34:45]just said in like thousands of pages so [00:34:49]you're welcome

[00:34:50]thousands of pages of con [00:34:53]um [00:34:54]um so we just need to stipulate right [00:34:57]because we need one right it keeps going [00:34:59]back and forth between these two like

[00:35:01]they are unknowable here's all the [00:35:03]reasons why we can't know them and [00:35:05]here's all the reasons why we really [00:35:07]need them we really have to have them [00:35:09]right we can't proceed without them

[00:35:13]um and yeah he did acknowledge that [00:35:16]everything Hume said was [00:35:18]perfectly reasonable right and basically [00:35:21]said look we can we can go with this [00:35:25]Theory right let's pretend for a moment

[00:35:28]that it was actually the Buddha who said [00:35:30]it before David Kim [00:35:32]right we talked about those restricted [00:35:34]books and that kind of stuff and that [00:35:35]Hume read those books and cotton did too

[00:35:38]right and and Kant said all right we can [00:35:40]go with that theory we can build a whole [00:35:43]philosophy [00:35:44]um we can build a whole logical [00:35:46]philosophical system around the notion

[00:35:49]that there is no self that the self is [00:35:52]constantly changing in the same way that [00:35:54]the world is constantly changing and [00:35:55]therefore our existential purpose would [00:35:57]change based on context and based on the

[00:35:59]minute and that kind of stuff right but [00:36:02]for Kant that's way too relativistic [00:36:04]so [00:36:06]um right so that's another reason that [00:36:08]he went with desant with Descartes

[00:36:10]um [00:36:11]but also slavery [00:36:14]um [00:36:15]and um right but we're going with a [00:36:18]different so then the second half of

[00:36:19]that [00:36:20]um chapter [00:36:22]we talked about a third option right so [00:36:25]what's another option so we can't [00:36:27]obviously we can't put the anchor here

[00:36:30]right because the world's constantly [00:36:33]changing what we know is constantly [00:36:34]changing we've already shown or Hume is [00:36:36]shown and Buddha is shown and [00:36:39]um we've shown right well you can't put

[00:36:42]the anchor there hence the name anchors [00:36:44]away right so we're erasing all these [00:36:46]anchors [00:36:48]um you can't put the anchor there or [00:36:50]there what's another option

[00:36:55]a common set of texts right so let's [00:36:57]find some sort of common sets [00:37:04]of texts [00:37:07]right [00:37:08]um and then those can anchor our

[00:37:11]discourse right so then we can have [00:37:14]foreign [00:37:16][Music] [00:37:18]back to the oh kind of erase that right [00:37:21]so we can have a common set of texts and

[00:37:25]those texts whatever we choose those can [00:37:27]anchor our Discord so we can we can [00:37:29]argue against them right Patrick can [00:37:31]argue one thing one can argue the [00:37:33]opposite thing and Lonnie can argue

[00:37:35]something totally completely different [00:37:37]right we can all argue different things [00:37:39]but the point is we have to tie [00:37:41]ourselves to the to that anchor right we [00:37:45]have to take those texts seriously we

[00:37:47]have to take those tests we can argue [00:37:48]whatever direction we want but we have [00:37:51]to argue it in dialogue or in [00:37:53]conversation or in relation to the text [00:37:55]make sense right and then that makes our

[00:37:59]discourse more productive right more [00:38:03]leads to more conceptions [00:38:05][Music] [00:38:06]um [00:38:07]cool

[00:38:09]so that brings us I think pretty close [00:38:12]to where we are now [00:38:14]um [00:38:16]so that's at least why we're choosing a [00:38:18]show

[00:38:20]um so the question is [00:38:22]who gets to pick these texts right how [00:38:24]do we decide what goes in there how do [00:38:27]we decide yeah what to choose and [00:38:32]um I chose a bunch right

[00:38:35]um [00:38:36]I get to do that [00:38:38]um so I chose [00:38:39]um [00:38:42]some uh text by plate damn it

[00:38:48]a few of Plato's dialogues [00:38:53]um first one that will read is the [00:38:56]Republic [00:38:59]um we're just reading a little bit a [00:39:01]little section of it from book seven

[00:39:04]um book six or part of it I've already [00:39:07]taught you book six [00:39:09]um for epistemologies for ways of [00:39:12]knowing what are those four ways of [00:39:14]knowing

[00:39:16]good [00:39:27]um [00:39:31]so then we're gonna apply it so he [00:39:34]teaches those in book six Socrates [00:39:36]teaches us in book six and then in book

[00:39:38]Seven he applies them so we're gonna do [00:39:40]exactly the same thing so we've learned [00:39:42]them then we'll apply them same way he [00:39:44]does and and that text [00:39:46]um that'll be chapter eight so that's

[00:39:49]coming up this is called the allegory of [00:39:51]the cave [00:39:54]foreign [00:39:57]how many of you are already familiar [00:39:59]with the allegory of the cave I thought

[00:40:01]so usually some hooks are kind of [00:40:03]familiar with it [00:40:05]um [00:40:05]then um [00:40:10]um

[00:40:11]symposium [00:40:13]Dutch chapter nine [00:40:16]um and Symposium is all about [00:40:18]desire the latter [00:40:22]of Desire

[00:40:25]talk more about sex there but also [00:40:28]desire [00:40:30]um and uh particularly erotic desire [00:40:35]pretty much anytime I write the word [00:40:37]desire I mean Eros

[00:40:39]um and then [00:40:40]phaedrus [00:40:44]and then we'll do that in chapter [00:40:46]10 and 11. and you'll have a podcast so [00:40:51]podcast three

[00:40:54]we'll cover these and podcast four [00:41:00]we'll cover [00:41:01]just this but building on those [00:41:04]then [00:41:05]um

[00:41:07]we'll do the Kata [00:41:10]upanishads [00:41:13]that's chapters [00:41:16]12 and 13. [00:41:18]and that'll be podcast five

[00:41:21]maybe we'll try and squeeze chapter 14 [00:41:25]in there chapter 14 is more like big [00:41:27]picture rates sum up conclusion the [00:41:30]conclusion [00:41:31]um

[00:41:32]yeah now we'll do chapter four between [00:41:34]after wait [00:41:38]um and then so what we need though so I [00:41:41]picked all of these but you know [00:41:43]shouldn't just be up to me it should be

[00:41:45]way more democratic right so I really [00:41:47]want you all to pick something and also [00:41:51]something a little bit more recent than [00:41:54]these things you know so something that [00:41:56]can anchor our discourse something that

[00:41:58]we all watch something that we all [00:42:01]something that we all watch and talk [00:42:03]about yeah [00:42:13]we can definitely do music like music [00:42:15]videos or music yep absolutely any music

[00:42:18]yep [00:42:21]because you were talking about if we [00:42:22]picked a TV show we could go to specific [00:42:25]episodes or whatever yeah [00:42:28]like yep we could find whatever anybody

[00:42:31]could pick a song for whatever reason [00:42:33]it's got [00:42:34]I'm so down right yeah and then we could [00:42:37]do one because then that's super short [00:42:39]and and focused so we could do a

[00:42:42]different one for every class right like [00:42:45]yeah I'm so down with that for sure [00:42:50]we can do a combination of these two [00:42:52]right [00:42:53]um we could do you know we could think

[00:42:56]about it in units and maybe one we just [00:42:58]do songs and when we do a show or movie [00:43:00]and when we do show or a movie fun did [00:43:03]you have an idea is that no [00:43:09]anybody know um

[00:43:11]uh [00:43:13]rapper named uh [00:43:18]Royster five nine [00:43:22]again on yeah yeah [00:43:24]uh it's part of D12

[00:43:27]um which is uh you know D12 some [00:43:31]Eminem's Eminem's band he's in Eminem's [00:43:34]crew [00:43:35]um but he has uh an album that dropped I [00:43:39]believe in 2020.

[00:43:41]um called the allegory [00:43:45]uh which is an entire album [00:43:48]um devoted to allegory of the cave [00:43:51]um which was kind of cool Eminem's [00:43:53]um Eminem's on that album

[00:43:55]um [00:43:56]but uh [00:43:59]yeah we could [00:44:01]pick something you want to pick [00:44:03]something for uh

[00:44:06]for the next class [00:44:13]Zach you have any ideas [00:44:17]song Show movie song sure let's go a [00:44:20]song [00:44:24]what is that

[00:44:28]yeah [00:44:29]Mr Rager yeah [00:44:33]yeah okay Cudi yeah [00:44:36]yeah is that right [00:44:47]cool

[00:44:48]we all want to pick some I mean we could [00:44:50]all we could [00:44:52]what yeah I'm cool with that I don't [00:44:55]know that try yeah I was gonna say the [00:44:58]reason I was thinking about a weekend

[00:44:59]too is because you put on self-care by [00:45:02]Mac Miller weeks ago yeah I was just [00:45:04]listening to [00:45:06]three four other Mac Miller songs and [00:45:08]gave like pretty

[00:45:10]good facts so [00:45:11]yeah [00:45:14]artist or we could pick [00:45:22]or something like that or maybe whatever [00:45:25]yeah

[00:45:27]um [00:45:28]yeah [00:45:30]okay here's another option [00:45:33]um [00:45:33]what do we go with this

[00:45:35]so we got three groups in here right [00:45:38]why don't we do um [00:45:41]uh and I think we we have at least three [00:45:43]classes uh in the each of these sections [00:45:46]what if we have

[00:45:48]um each group decides what we do for one [00:45:51]class [00:45:55]yeah [00:45:57]so you pick [00:45:58]whatever I mean you could do Mr Rager I

[00:46:01]could Cudi we could do whatever we you [00:46:04]know what do you think [00:46:05]good [00:46:07]and then you just tell us hey watch this [00:46:09]ahead of time or you could show it at

[00:46:11]the beginning of class we can do it that [00:46:13]way too [00:46:15]cool [00:46:17]solution [00:46:19]all right who wants to go first

[00:46:23]for the next class [00:46:25]you want to go with that you want to go [00:46:27]your group okay cool word all right [00:46:30]um so [00:46:32]um

[00:46:33]foreign [00:46:38]y'all can talk about it you can keep [00:46:40]that you can change it whatever you want [00:46:43]um but uh I'm definitely going to check [00:46:45]that out

[00:46:46]um and um [00:46:48]cool all right wow wait uh yeah [00:46:58]you gotta it's got to be something you [00:47:00]can talk about you know something worth [00:47:02]talking about

[00:47:03]um but uh I find most most things you [00:47:08]know you can find something to talk [00:47:09]about so it doesn't have to be what [00:47:12]most folks doesn't have to use the word [00:47:14]philosophy in it

[00:47:16]cool I haven't even gotten to chapter [00:47:19]seven so we should do chapter seven real [00:47:21]fast [00:47:22]um [00:47:23]all right

[00:47:24]um chapter seven is pretty short though [00:47:26]um [00:47:27]so [00:47:29]ontological daddy issues so [00:47:33]um

[00:47:35]yeah I'm just gonna stay over here [00:47:38]um [00:47:46]foreign [00:47:52]okay so this is one way of doing [00:47:54]phenomenology right

[00:47:56]um [00:47:57]and it's the way that we're doing mostly [00:48:00]in this course [00:48:01]um following these steps and doing [00:48:03]phenomenology exactly like we went

[00:48:05]through here's a slightly very slightly [00:48:08]different way of doing phenomenology [00:48:12]um start by drawing a circle and putting [00:48:15]something in the center so in chapter [00:48:17]six which we didn't talk about in the

[00:48:20]review but chapter six is on logic in [00:48:24]which the first rule of logic [00:48:28]clearly Define terms right [00:48:31][Music] [00:48:31]um

[00:48:33]that's super super important [00:48:37]clearly Define your terms now one one [00:48:40]term that we use in English quite a lot [00:48:43]is the word being right what does it [00:48:46]mean to be what does it mean for

[00:48:49]something to exist right we talked about [00:48:50]Santa Claus and [00:48:52]in what ways does Santa Claus exist [00:48:54]right Santa can exist as an idea or is a [00:48:57]rational entity is it words

[00:48:59]um is a description certainly is an [00:49:02]image or character in a movie right but [00:49:04]not as something that you can [00:49:07]C or whatever [00:49:09]um

[00:49:10]right um so there are various ways of [00:49:13]being [00:49:14]um [00:49:15]but so when we're using but that's [00:49:17]that's part of the problem right so then

[00:49:19]when we're using the word being we need [00:49:21]to be clear so that when Conor talks [00:49:23]about what's you know describes the [00:49:25]phenomena in his head it's going to use [00:49:27]the word being or is or am

[00:49:31]right or r [00:49:34]whatever form of being you talk about [00:49:37]right [00:49:38]um but do we use those words in lots of [00:49:42]different ways right and so what we're

[00:49:45]going to do now is put this in the [00:49:48]center [00:49:49]um is or being [00:49:51]any of those words [00:49:53]um in the center and try to see some of

[00:49:55]the various ways that we use the the [00:49:58]term [00:49:59]um [00:50:01]15 minutes [00:50:03]um

[00:50:05]uh all right first super simple I'm [00:50:09]gonna do this and the whole thing in 15 [00:50:11]minutes [00:50:12]identity [00:50:13]um

[00:50:14]so rule of identity super [00:50:16]straightforward [00:50:18]um [00:50:19]you could say two plus three is five [00:50:23]right two plus three is identical to

[00:50:27]five [00:50:28]five is two plus three you could also [00:50:33]say two [00:50:35]is two or two is [00:50:39]two why can you say all of these things

[00:50:42]because the word is right so just don't [00:50:45]lose track of what we're doing trying to [00:50:47]look at the various ways we're doing a [00:50:50]phenomenology of being [00:50:52]meaning putting being at the center of

[00:50:54]the circle right it's the thing itself [00:50:56]and we're trying to clearly carefully [00:50:58]describe the various ways that we use [00:51:00]that word right so one of the ways is [00:51:03]identity and it's pretty straightforward

[00:51:05]the thing key thing you know that it's [00:51:07]identity because you can [00:51:10]reverse the [00:51:12]reverse the order and it doesn't make [00:51:14]any difference right because both sides

[00:51:16]are completely equal both sides are [00:51:17]identical to one another therefore it [00:51:19]doesn't matter the syntax doesn't matter [00:51:23]um [00:51:23]second one

[00:51:25]um [00:51:27]quality [00:51:30]so the sort of stock philosophical [00:51:33]example is [00:51:38]the Lotus is blue right or you could say

[00:51:41]the marker is blue or whatever it [00:51:43]doesn't matter what you're talking about [00:51:44]a flower or a car or marker cat whatever [00:51:46]you're saying that this thing that [00:51:48]you're talking about has this quality of

[00:51:52]Blue right now notice one thing that you [00:51:54]cannot say right you can say the Lotus [00:51:57]is blue because the Lotus has the [00:51:59]quality of being blue but you cannot say [00:52:02]blue

[00:52:04]is the lotus [00:52:07]right it doesn't even make sense right [00:52:09]because blue [00:52:11]blue is just more than this Lotus or [00:52:13]that Lotus right the Lotus could be blue

[00:52:15]it could be red it could be orange it [00:52:17]could be all sorts of possibilities of [00:52:19]what it could be [00:52:20]um but blue is a color it's a quality it [00:52:24]can't just be limited to this thing or

[00:52:27]that thing make sense right so [00:52:31]um so you can't say this that's part of [00:52:33]how you know that we're using the term [00:52:36]in terms of quality next [00:52:39]um

[00:52:42]form [00:52:45]so form is a term that we've encountered [00:52:48]a few times before and in a few [00:52:50]different ways [00:52:52]um

[00:52:52]one way was when we're talking about [00:52:55]ontologies right various ways of being [00:52:58]so we have those four ways of knowing [00:53:01]intellectual uh rational sensual [00:53:04]imaginative they correspond to four

[00:53:06]ontologies or ways of being and the [00:53:09]first one that corresponds to intellect [00:53:12]is ideas [00:53:16]or forms [00:53:18]right so form or idea but forearm is

[00:53:22]really better here we also talked about [00:53:24]uh form back in [00:53:27]um chapter four we got to the Buddha [00:53:30]right the Buddha came to this notion [00:53:32]that the conscious eye is conscious of

[00:53:34]something what is it conscious of [00:53:35]conscious of names and forms right so [00:53:38]rational entities and intellectual [00:53:40]entities [00:53:41]form

[00:53:42]um and uh [00:53:44]one one example I I've found helpful [00:53:47]here is um [00:53:59]spoiler alert [00:54:01]Luke I am your father right so in Empire

[00:54:04]Strikes Back [00:54:06]Darth Vader [00:54:08]um [00:54:12]Darth Vader by the way is [00:54:15]um Dutch

[00:54:16]meaning dark [00:54:18]father [00:54:20]kind of on the nose right but um so dark [00:54:24]father says to Luke right [00:54:28]um what's his other name what's Darth

[00:54:30]Vader's older name Anakin Skywalker [00:54:33]right so he was Anakin and [00:54:37]um [00:54:38]uh and he says to Luke Skywalker Luke I [00:54:40]am your father right and so the issue

[00:54:44]here is this am and Luke [00:54:47]why it's like a little [00:54:50]I know it's an awful scene it's so [00:54:53]cringy isn't it it's just so cringy [00:54:56]um and uh yeah

[00:54:58]um he says no you're not my father [00:55:01]you killed my father right which is not [00:55:03]untrue because he Darth Vader kills this [00:55:07]identity of Anakin Anakin doesn't exist [00:55:09]anymore he's replaced right his eye has

[00:55:13]become dark Darth Vader [00:55:17]um he's no longer Anakin he's now Darth [00:55:19]Vader right so it's that sense Darth [00:55:21]Vader does kill Anakin [00:55:23]um at least that identity and Luke

[00:55:25]saying no my father is dead right you [00:55:29]are not my father but Darth Vader means [00:55:32]I am your father in terms of form right [00:55:34]so all your needs all you need to be the [00:55:37]form of a father is

[00:55:40]I mean [00:55:42]a bottle of Chianti I guess you know and [00:55:45]then from [00:55:47]yeah and um [00:55:51]you know how to get there right I don't

[00:55:53]know [00:55:54]um so that you just have to have uh an [00:55:57]entertaining or fun afternoon or evening [00:56:00]or morning or any time of day really [00:56:04]just

[00:56:05]um right when a man and a woman love [00:56:07]each other very much and are blessed by [00:56:11]uh Catholic priests and a formal [00:56:13]ceremony then and only then can babies [00:56:17]happen right delivered by a stork and

[00:56:19]all this kind of stuff right so but [00:56:21]that's what we mean by form and I'm [00:56:22]using this example in particular right [00:56:26]because he is not doing the next one [00:56:28]which is function

[00:56:32]right so [00:56:34]um uh so he has the form of father but [00:56:38]not the function of father so the [00:56:40]example I'd like to use here [00:56:43]um is uh

[00:56:46]um another spoiler alert [00:56:49]um but [00:56:57]so in Kung Fu Panda 2 you'll sing Kung [00:57:01]Fu Panda 2 [00:57:03]so in Kung Fu Panda 2

[00:57:05]ho [00:57:06]was a panda [00:57:09]he finds out that his father [00:57:13]who's a goose [00:57:15]is not his biological father and he's

[00:57:20]like I don't know who I am anymore right [00:57:22]I've just I've lost my identity who am I [00:57:25]right even raises that in the third [00:57:28]movie he's like I don't know who I am [00:57:30]anymore I gotta figure out who I am and

[00:57:32]he's like haven't I done this a few [00:57:33]times before you know um they're all the [00:57:35]same the same theme everyone is like who [00:57:38]am I [00:57:39]um

[00:57:40]and in the first movie it's like you [00:57:42]know figuring I am the Dragon Warrior [00:57:44]Dragon Warrior yeah and then the second [00:57:48]one it's like I am [00:57:50]the son of Mr ping right so at the

[00:57:53]beginning he rocks his world and then by [00:57:56]the end he's you know says like Mr ping [00:57:59]is my father so what do we mean by is [00:58:02]right so again all of this we're trying [00:58:04]to get a sense of what is mean so is

[00:58:07]identity two is to Quality the Lotus is [00:58:11]blue [00:58:13]um form Luke I am your father [00:58:17]function Mr ping is my father so he's [00:58:19]not obviously the goose is not his

[00:58:21]biological father [00:58:23]right but in what way is he his father [00:58:25]yeah [00:58:34]great yeah [00:58:38]yeah he uh he acts like his father he

[00:58:41]performs all those functions he takes [00:58:43]care of him he gives him food and [00:58:45]shelter he raises him he loves him he [00:58:47]bathes him he gives him teaches them he [00:58:49]bothers him right so he's um so he

[00:58:52]performs that function and therefore is [00:58:57]being his father [00:59:00]cool right [00:59:02]um the reason I use these two we [00:59:04]probably figured it out but the reason

[00:59:05]these two examples work really well is [00:59:08]because Darth Vader fader fader [00:59:12]has the form of father but does not [00:59:15]fulfill the function right whereas Mr [00:59:18]ping fulfills the function but does not

[00:59:21]have the form [00:59:23]right so they highlight those [00:59:26]um two very differences yeah [00:59:30]of course yeah I am [00:59:34]um the third one or the last one

[00:59:39]um is nope [00:59:45]um [00:59:49]temporal [00:59:51]for temporality I'm not sure temporal so [00:59:55]um continuing with the father theme My

[00:59:58]Father by the way is in surgery like [01:00:00]right now so [01:00:02]um [01:00:03]should be fine it's like a [01:00:05]hernia when you get old like parts of

[01:00:08]your body start falling out of your body [01:00:10]which is yeah I know it's one of the [01:00:13]many reasons I don't want to be a nurse [01:00:14]or doctor or any that kind of stuff icky [01:00:17]but he's yeah having his

[01:00:19]parts put back inside of him [01:00:21]um anyway temporal so my dad and I have [01:00:24]one thing we have a lot of things in [01:00:25]common [01:00:27]um one of the things is I don't like to

[01:00:29]run I just don't running's not my thing [01:00:31]I just don't I don't run I used to say [01:00:33]that I would only run [01:00:36]or I'm only run when people chase me but [01:00:40]who am I gonna outrun right so I don't

[01:00:43]know I just don't like running running [01:00:45]is definitely not my thing [01:00:47]um and my dad I only remember one time [01:00:50]in my life when I saw my dad run [01:00:53]um and uh yeah I was like a teenager and

[01:00:55]was staying in the kitchen with my mom [01:00:57]and my sister and um and they were [01:01:00]talking and I said yeah I just kind of [01:01:03]shouted out dad's running so like [01:01:05]looking out the window and so dad's

[01:01:06]running and they were all like [01:01:08]what Dad doesn't run and they all went [01:01:10]to the window like looking outside and [01:01:12]then I don't see him and then sure [01:01:14]enough he ran back the other direction

[01:01:16]this time with a garden hose because [01:01:18]apparently his pickup truck had caught [01:01:20]on fire so he ran to get a water hose [01:01:22]and to go and extinguish it [01:01:25]um the point being in the sentence dad

[01:01:28]is running [01:01:31]foreign [01:01:32]is in this case is extremely temporal or [01:01:36]temporary right it's in the moment it's [01:01:39]at this particular time so if I were to

[01:01:41]say right now a sentence like it is [01:01:44]raining right it's untrue right now [01:01:48]because right now it is not raining [01:01:51]right but the sentence it is raining [01:01:53]could be true or will be true it will be

[01:01:56]true at some point right when it's [01:01:58]actually raining right so this is is [01:02:01]incredibly temporal it's always in the [01:02:04]moment make sense [01:02:05]cool yeah

[01:02:17]okay so one thing to notice is [01:02:20]um [01:02:21]running if we want I don't know if this [01:02:23]is answering the question but running is [01:02:26]uh a gerund right so um and so gerunds

[01:02:31]are that's [01:02:33]activity right [01:02:35]they function as a noun yep but they are [01:02:38]formed from verbs right so it's uh in [01:02:41]the process of right in the state of

[01:02:44]running right so running but here's the [01:02:47]thing here's the thing [01:02:49]this is too [01:02:53]yeah [01:02:56]yeah so

[01:02:58]um that's that's uh that's a significant [01:03:00]thing right so um [01:03:04]yeah cool all right uh [01:03:08]yeah like 20 seconds left any questions [01:03:15]podcast is due this Sunday ish if it's a

[01:03:18]day or something [01:03:21]okay so uh it should cover [01:03:24]um everything since your last podcast [01:03:26]basically yeah so um chapter sweats [01:03:31]five six seven four five six seven I

[01:03:34]think [01:03:37]yeah so four five six seven so if you [01:03:39]got four people in your podcast you [01:03:41]could each [01:03:42]you know choose something from a

[01:03:43]different chapter you don't have to [01:03:45]though just pick whatever [01:03:47]um whatever just make sure that you're [01:03:49]doing the phenomenological method right [01:03:51]so run through all these steps each one

[01:03:53]of you run through the steps right so [01:03:55]Connor picked something and Abby picked [01:03:58]something and Zach picked something come [01:04:00]to your podcast prepared to talk about [01:04:02]something right

[01:04:04]um so that's yeah everybody should come [01:04:06]prepared with one thing [01:04:08]should we figure out [01:04:11]show Slash songs yeah you could talk [01:04:15]about it in your podcast that would be

[01:04:17]cool [01:04:18]yeah [01:04:19]damn [01:04:20]yeah to be honest [01:04:23]dude Kung Fu Panda is dope

[01:04:27]oh really [01:04:29]yeah yeah [01:04:32]cool thank you Tim